img

Salvia coccinea

Buc'hoz ex Etl. (1777)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Lamiales Family: Lamiaceae Genus: Salvia

līlīlehua [lililehua], scarlet sage, Texas sage

img

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Annual or perhaps short-lived perennial herbs.

Stems: Stems ascending to erect, 5–10 dm long, conspicuously hispid and puberulent in lines.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite. Blades deltate–ovate, 2–7 cm long, 0.8–3 cm wide. Apex acute. Base truncate to subcordate. Upper surfaces moderately puberulent; lower surfaces pale, densely puberulent, becoming tomentose. Margins crenate–serrate, sometimes lower leaves long–ciliate. Petioles 0.5–2.3 cm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers (1)3–6 in verticillasters, these arranged in terminal, racemose inflorescences, bracts lanceolate, 3–6 mm long, margins long-ciliate, caducous. Calyx bilabiate, tubular to campanulate, often tinged purple, 6-9 mm long, cleft nearly 1/2 its length, short hirtellous, 10–15–nerved, upper lip usually concave or arched, entire or 2-toothed, lower lip 2-toothed, sometimes the teeth and lips obsolete. Corolla scarlet, strongly bilabiate, tube straight or curved 13-17 mm long, upper lip 3.5-5 mm long, subgaleate, entire or 2-lobed, lower lip spreading, 3-lobed; nectary disk often present at base of ovary, annular or developed on anterior side only. Stamens 2, exserted ca. 3–4 mm beyond corolla tube, aligned with the sinuses; anthers dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits, with an elongate connective articulated near the center of the filament; anther sacs at each end, sometimes lower anther sac or entire lower arm of connective rudimentary. Ovary superior, 2-carpellate; ovules 1 per ovary lobe, placentation basal-axile; style 1; stigmas 2.

Fruit: Nutlets 4; 1-seeded; ca. 2.5 mm long. Seeds with endosperm absent or scanty and oily.

Ploidy: 2n = 20; 22

Habitat: Naturalized in low elevation; dry; disturbed habitats.

Elevation Range: 50–1,000 m.

Historical Distribution

Images

img

Uses and Culture

USES

  • Yes

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Salv.: 23 (1777)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:829 (O, Mo, L, M, H); Lorence et al. 1995:40 (K); Staples & Herbst 2005:362 (KEY), 363 (DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Salvia coccinea maui, iao road PRESERVED_SPECIMEN aborn, r. s.n. CM 5/9/1962
2 Salvia coccinea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. topping 9513 MPM 8/2/1927
3 Salvia coccinea Kalaheo, Honua Farm, Kikala Road. Cultivated by M. Emrick. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lynwood Hume 420 Kauai PTBG 9/9/1989
4 Salvia coccinea Kahea Gulch; Keomuku Beach Road to Waiopae Rd, hike up gulch from end of 4WD road. Lowland mixed dry to mesic forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Natalia Tangalin 1115 Lanai PTBG 3/21/2007
5 Salvia coccinea auahi forest, s slope of haleakala PRESERVED_SPECIMEN f. r. fosberg 48330 Maui US 3/25/1967
6 Salvia coccinea Kuia, West Maui Natural Area Reserve - Panaewa Section. Along trail to Paupau. Osteomeles dry shrubland. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H700111 Maui PTBG 7/24/2000
7 Salvia coccinea Kanepuu. Common in this area, especially along the roads and growing up through Lantana. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 216 Lanai PTBG 5/26/1982
8 Salvia coccinea Kona District, land of Keauhou, along Mamalahoa Highway about 6 miles east of Kailua- Kona. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D. R.; Ishikawa, S. 5378 Hawaii US 6/24/1975
9 Salvia coccinea Lahaina - ravine back of PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 14883 Maui US 9/29/2016
10 Salvia coccinea Auahi Forest, S slope of Haleakala PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F. R. 48330 Maui US 3/25/1967
11 Salvia coccinea halawa valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN h. st. john, g. cottam, c. f. hudson & i. lane 23403 Kauai US 12/21/1948
12 Salvia coccinea Halawa Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H.; Cottam, G.; Hudson, C. F.; Lane, I. E. 23403 Kauai US 12/21/1948
13 Salvia coccinea schofield barracks, pass at west end. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 13948 Hawaii US 7/6/1916
14 Salvia coccinea kane puu, kaa, nw part of island PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. r. herbst & g. spence 4036 Lanai US 6/12/1974
15 Salvia coccinea Kaupulehu Preserve, along Mamalahoa Hwy (190) at 12 miles NE of Kailua Kona (by 28 mile marker). Alt. 650-660 m. Remnant of dry forest. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 5487 Hawaii PTBG 8/6/1987
16 Salvia coccinea Kaa, between Kanepuu Preserve boundary and Keahiakawelo. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H41808 Lanai PTBG 4/19/2018
17 Salvia coccinea Niumalu. Hoary Head range below Keopaweo. Elev. 40-450 ft. Secondary forest dominated by Syzygium cumini, Chrysophyllum oliviforme, Schinus and Psydrax. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 3176 Kauai PTBG 10/14/1988
18 Salvia coccinea eastern end PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 15078 Oahu US 10/9/1916
19 Salvia coccinea Kane Puu, Kaa, NW part of island PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D. R.; Spence, G. 4036 Lanai US 6/12/1974
20 Salvia coccinea Schofield Barracks, Pass at west end. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 13948 Oahu US 7/6/2016
21 Salvia coccinea lahaina - ravine back of PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 14883 Maui US 9/29/1916
22 Salvia coccinea Eastern end PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 15078 Molokai US 10/9/2016
23 Salvia coccinea Upper Kalamaula PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hughes, G. 69 Molokai US 1992-00-00
24 Salvia coccinea kamokunui gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener, -. takamoto & -- martinez 10543 Oahu US 4/13/1936
25 Salvia coccinea honaunau PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a. s. hitchcock 14543 Hawaii US 9/3/1916
26 Salvia coccinea North Kona District. Kaupulehu Preserve, along Mamahaloa Highway (190) at 12 miles NE of Kailua Kona (by 28 mile marker) Remnant of dry forest with Diospyros sandwicensis dominant, also Colubrina, Canthium, Nototrichium, etc. with understory of introduced Pennisetum setaceum, over recent (1801) aa lava flow. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D.H. 5487 Hawaii BISH 8/6/1987
27 Salvia coccinea unknown PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: 7035 BISH
28 Salvia coccinea kona district, land of keauhou. growing along mamalahoa highway about 6 miles east of kailua-kona PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. ishikawa, s. collector number: 5378 Hawaii BISH 6/24/1975
29 Salvia coccinea Makaha Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Suehiro, A. s.n. Oahu BISH 4/3/1932
30 Salvia coccinea makaha valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN suehiro, a. Oahu BISH 4/3/1932
31 Salvia coccinea Kamokunui Gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O.; Takamoto, -.; Martinez, -- 10543 Oahu US 4/13/1936
32 Salvia coccinea kona district, land of keauhou, along mamalahoa highway about 6 miles east of kailua- kona. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN d. r. herbst & s. ishikawa 5378 Hawaii US 6/24/1975
33 Salvia coccinea Halawa Valley Mouth of stream. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Corn, C. Collector Number: s.n. Molokai BISH 5/22/1982
34 Salvia coccinea Pohakea Pass, Waianae Mts. Honouliuli dry Lantana slopes. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fosberg, F.R. 9477 Oahu BISH 5/12/1933
35 Salvia coccinea Honaunau PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hitchcock, A. S. 14543 Hawaii US 9/3/2016
36 Salvia coccinea palawai, manele grade PRESERVED_SPECIMEN stone, b.c. collector number: 887 Lanai BISH 7/2/1955
37 Salvia coccinea Waianae Mts., Makaha Valley, open valley floor with Crotalaria saltiana, Indigofera suffruticosa, Ipomoea cairica PRESERVED_SPECIMEN MacDaniels, L.H. 526 Oahu BISH 1/31/1927
38 Salvia coccinea mokuleia, slopes of kaala PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. Oahu BISH 4/26/1912
39 Salvia coccinea kolekole pass, oahu Open forest on dry ridge east of the valley, with Dodonaea eriocarpa, Reynoldsia, Diospyros. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. collector number: 2287 Oahu BISH
40 Salvia coccinea District of North Kona; Hawaii Belt Road (Mamalahoa Hwy.), near mile 28. Kaupulehu Preserve. Common, especially near gate but scattered through preserve PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Flynn, T. 1280 Hawaii BISH 10/15/1985
41 Salvia coccinea miki mossy stumps and logs PRESERVED_SPECIMEN munro, g.c. collector number: 284 Oahu BISH 2/6/1928
42 Salvia coccinea Field No: FB 1315 PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Munro, G.C. 254 Lanai BISH 4/3/1926
43 Salvia coccinea Kaa, betw Kanepuu Preserve boundary and Keahiakawelo. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Oppenheimer, H.L. H41808 Lanai BISH 4/19/2018
44 Salvia coccinea puuwaawaa; heavily grazed rangeland PRESERVED_SPECIMEN takeuchi, w.n. collector number: 5766 Hawaii BISH 5/1/1989
45 Salvia coccinea Below Seven Craters, Puna PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 439.H Hawaii BISH 8/1/1911
46 Salvia coccinea ewa district: waianae mts., honouliuli forest reserve. trail along summit from puu kaua to pohakea pass. dry open windswept summit PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lammers, t.g. obata, j. collector number: 5532 Oahu BISH 6/22/1984
47 Salvia coccinea Along road by Kipuka Nene PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Fagerlund, G.O. 25 Hawaii BISH 9/3/1942
48 Salvia coccinea kanepuu Common in this area, especially along the roads and growing up through Lantana. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. collector number: 216 Lanai BISH 5/26/1982
49 Salvia coccinea Kona District, land of Keauhou. Growing along Mamalahoa Highway about 6 miles east of Kailua-Kona PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 5378 Hawaii BISH 6/24/1975
50 Salvia coccinea cultivated by M.Emrick, Honua Farm, Kikala Rd., Kalaheo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hume, L. 420 Kauai BISH 9/7/1989
51 Salvia coccinea waianae mts., makaha valley, open valley floor with Crotalaria saltiana, Indigofera suffruticosa, Ipomoea cairica PRESERVED_SPECIMEN macdaniels, l.h. collector number: 526 Oahu BISH 1/31/1927
52 Salvia coccinea waipio valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN rock, j.f.c. collector number: 4649 Hawaii BISH 7/16/1909
53 Salvia coccinea waimanu trail, on outer western slope of waipio valley, hamakua district Growing trailside with Lantana camara, Osteomeles anthyllidifolia, Euphorbia celastroides, and Heteropogon contortus. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN cuddihy, l.w. anderson, s. collector number: 789 Hawaii BISH 3/28/1981
54 Salvia coccinea southeast rim of halawa valley, molokai, t.hawaii Growing under Prosopis tree in Prosopis scrub with Heteropogon contortus the dominant ground cover. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. wiebke, h. collector number: 3655 Kahoolawe BISH 5/4/1928
55 Salvia coccinea Southeast rim of Halawa Valley, Molokai, T.Hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 3655 Molokai BISH 5/4/1928
56 Salvia coccinea north kona district. kaupulehu preserve, along mamahaloa highway (190) at 12 miles ne of kailua kona (by 28 mile marker) PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lorence, d.h. flynn, t. collector number: 5487 Kauai BISH 8/6/1987
57 Salvia coccinea kamoku PRESERVED_SPECIMEN munro, g.c. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 4/1/1914
58 Salvia coccinea Puuwaawaa; heavily grazed rangeland PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Takeuchi, W.N. 5766 Hawaii BISH 5/1/1989
59 Salvia coccinea Kamoku PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Munro, G.C. 321 Lanai BISH 3/28/1905
60 Salvia coccinea makaha valley, waianae mts PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: 11617 Oahu BISH 4/3/1932
61 Salvia coccinea iao valley, wailuku PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: 10279 Maui BISH 2/9/1930
62 Salvia coccinea Kamokunui Gulch, Oahu, T.H PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 10543 Oahu BISH 4/13/1936
63 Salvia coccinea Waipio Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 4649 Hawaii BISH 7/16/1909
64 Salvia coccinea Lanai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Munro, G.C. s.n. Lanai BISH 4/15/1914
65 Salvia coccinea Iao Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN s.n. Maui BISH 3/13/1909
66 Salvia coccinea Pohakea Pass PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Bennett, T. 404 Oahu BISH 5/27/1982
67 Salvia coccinea Kaa, Kanepuu, NW part of island Open, dry Osmanthus forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Herbst, D.R. 4036 Lanai BISH 6/12/1974
68 Salvia coccinea pohakea pass, waianae mts. honouliuli dry Lantana slopes. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN fosberg, f.r. collector number: 9477 Oahu BISH 5/12/1933
69 Salvia coccinea pohakea pass PRESERVED_SPECIMEN bennett, t. collector number: 404 Kauai BISH 5/27/1982
70 Salvia coccinea palawai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN munro, g.c. collector number: 199 Lanai BISH 10/10/1913
71 Salvia coccinea olowalu gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN krauss, n.l.h. collector number: 1102 Maui BISH 3/21/1967
72 Salvia coccinea waianae mts, summet of ridge, south of kolekole pass PRESERVED_SPECIMEN kerr, m. collector number: 350-2 Oahu BISH 10/28/1945
73 Salvia coccinea unknown PreservedSpecimen Rock, J.F.C. Collector Number: 7035 BISH Specimen
74 Salvia coccinea Makaha Valley, Waianae Mts PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 11617 Oahu BISH 4/3/1932
75 Salvia coccinea field no: fb 1315 PRESERVED_SPECIMEN munro, g.c. collector number: 254 Lanai BISH 4/3/1926
76 Salvia coccinea laupahoehoe gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN sohmer, s.h. collector number: 6254 Hawaii BISH 1/3/1970
77 Salvia coccinea Waimanu Trail, on outer western slope of Waipio Valley, Hamakua District Growing trailside with Lantana camara, Osteomeles anthyllidifolia, Euphorbia celastroides, and Heteropogon contortus. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cuddihy, L.W. Anderson, S. Collector Number: 789 Hawaii BISH 3/28/1981
78 Salvia coccinea Kaala Range Makaha V PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. s.n. Oahu BISH 2/12/1909
79 Salvia coccinea kaala range makaha v PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. Oahu BISH 2/12/1909
80 Salvia coccinea Waianae Mts, summet of ridge, south of Kolekole Pass PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Kerr, M. 350-2 Oahu BISH 10/28/1945
81 Salvia coccinea Iao Valley, Wailuku PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 10279 Maui BISH 2/9/1930
82 Salvia coccinea halawa valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. cottam, g.; hudson, c.f.; lane, i.e.; maysilles, j.h. collector number: 23403 Molokai BISH 12/21/1948
83 Salvia coccinea east maui, 2.7 mi e of 'ulupalakua ranch on piilani hwy. (hwy 31); Epiphytic on Dictyosphaeria cavernosa. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN wagner, w.l. mill, s.w. collector number: 4774 Oahu BISH 1/14/1983
84 Salvia coccinea Halawa Valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 23403 Molokai BISH 12/21/1948
85 Salvia coccinea halawa valley NE corner of the lagoon in a dry mud flat. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN corn, c. collector number: s.n. Laysan BISH 5/22/1982
86 Salvia coccinea Miki PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Munro, G.C. 284 Lanai BISH 2/6/1928
87 Salvia coccinea kawela bay, oahu, t.hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. collector number: 9517 Oahu BISH 4/4/1933
88 Salvia coccinea Palawai, Manele Grade PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Stone, B.C. 887 Lanai BISH 7/2/1955
89 Salvia coccinea Halawa Valley Mouth of stream. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Corn, C. s.n. Molokai BISH 5/22/1982
90 Salvia coccinea cultivated by m.emrick, honua farm, kikala rd., kalaheo PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hume, l. collector number: 420 Kauai BISH 9/7/1989
91 Salvia coccinea waianae mts., makaha valley, scrubby trail side PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hasegawa, m. Oahu BISH 4/3/1932
92 Salvia coccinea waianae range. by the road leading towards pohakea pass from east, at the forest reserve boundary PRESERVED_SPECIMEN mäkinen, l. mäkinen, y. collector number: 66-539 Laysan BISH 4/4/1966
93 Salvia coccinea Olowalu Gulch PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Krauss, N.L.H. 1102 Maui BISH 3/21/1967
94 Salvia coccinea Kamoku PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Munro, G.C. s.n. Lanai BISH 4/1/1914
95 Salvia coccinea kaa, kanepuu, nw part of island Open, dry Osmanthus forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN herbst, d.r. spence, g. collector number: 4036 Lanai BISH 6/12/1974
96 Salvia coccinea kamoku PRESERVED_SPECIMEN munro, g.c. collector number: 321 Lanai BISH 8/8/1914
97 Salvia coccinea lualaihea, s slope of haleakala PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 2025.m Maui BISH 3/19/1920
98 Salvia coccinea Kolekole Pass, Oahu PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 2287 Oahu BISH
99 Salvia coccinea Lualaihea, S slope of Haleakala PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Forbes, C.N. 2025.M Maui BISH 3/19/1920
100 Salvia coccinea kamokunui gulch, oahu, t.h PRESERVED_SPECIMEN degener, o. takamoto; martinez, m. collector number: 10543 Oahu BISH 4/13/1936
101 Salvia coccinea Waianae Range. By the road leading towards Pohakea Pass from east, at the Forest Reserve boundary PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Mäkinen, L. 66-539 Oahu BISH 4/4/1966
102 Salvia coccinea district of north kona; hawaii belt road (mamalahoa hwy.), near mile 28. kaupulehu preserve. common, especially near gate but scattered through preserve Dry, open forest on`a`a lava PRESERVED_SPECIMEN flynn, t. collector number: 1280 Hawaii BISH 10/15/1985
103 Salvia coccinea Waimanu Trail, on outer western slope of Waipio Valley, Hamakua District Growing trailside with Lantana camara, Osteomeles anthyllidifolia, Euphorbia celastroides, and Heteropogon contortus. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Cuddihy, L.W. 789 Hawaii BISH 3/28/1981
104 Salvia coccinea East Maui, 2.7 mi E of 'Ulupalakua Ranch on Piilani Hwy. (Hwy 31); on 'a'a lava flow dominated by Wikstroemia, Reynoldsia, Leucaena, Lantana and Myoporum (occasional). PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Wagner, W.L. 4774 Maui BISH 1/14/1983
105 Salvia coccinea lanai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN munro, g.c. collector number: s.n. Lanai BISH 4/15/1914
106 Salvia coccinea iao valley PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Maui BISH 3/13/1909
107 Salvia coccinea Palawai PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Munro, G.C. 199 Lanai BISH 10/10/1913
108 Salvia coccinea west slope, gulch east of puu kaupakuhale, mokuleia, puu kaala, waianae mts PRESERVED_SPECIMEN bryan jr., e.h. Oahu BISH 10/23/1932
109 Salvia coccinea below seven craters, puna PRESERVED_SPECIMEN forbes, c.n. collector number: 439.h Lanai BISH 8/8/1911
110 Salvia coccinea unknown PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Rock, J.F.C. 7035 BISH 4/1/1910
111 Salvia coccinea Kawela Bay, Oahu, T.Hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 9517 Oahu BISH 4/4/1933
112 Salvia coccinea drive to end of hilina pali road and walk about 200 meters west of rainshelter. plant was in a grassland just west of pahoehoe lave flow, and north of large trailside metrosideros tree. (plot 2) Andropogon glomeratus grassland community on ash-covered pahoehoe lava. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN newell, c.l. collector number: 960 Hawaii BISH 6/22/1967
113 Salvia coccinea Waianae Mts., Makaha Valley, scrubby trail side PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hasegawa, M. s.n. Oahu BISH 4/3/1932
114 Salvia coccinea West slope, gulch east of Puu Kaupakuhale, Mokuleia, Puu Kaala, Waianae Mts PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Bryan Jr., E.H. s.n. Oahu BISH 10/23/1932
115 Salvia coccinea Ewa District: Waianae Mts., Honouliuli Forest Reserve. Trail along summit from Puu Kaua to Pohakea Pass. Dry open windswept summit PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lammers, T.G. 5532 Oahu BISH 6/22/1984
116 Salvia coccinea Drive to end of Hilina Pali Road and walk about 200 meters west of rainshelter. Plant was in a grassland just west of pahoehoe lave flow, and north of large trailside Metrosideros tree. (plot 2) Andropogon glomeratus grassland community on ash-covered pahoehoe lava. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Newell, C.L. 960 Hawaii BISH 6/22/1967
Back to Top